Uruhu rwa PVC rushingiye ku ruhu (PVC-AL) rukomeje kuba ikintu cyiganje mu modoka imbere, mu bubiko, no mu nganda zishingiye ku nganda bitewe n’uburinganire bw’ibiciro, gutunganyirizwa hamwe, hamwe n’uburyo bwiza. Nyamara, uburyo bwo kuyikora bwugarijwe n’ibibazo bya tekiniki bishingiye ku miti y’imiti ya polymer - ibibazo bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y’ibicuruzwa, kubahiriza amabwiriza, no gukora neza.
Kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe: Inzitizi y'ibanze yo gutunganya
PVC idahungabana kubushyuhe busanzwe bwo gutunganya (160–200 ° C) bitera icyuho cyibanze. Polimeri ihura na dehydrochlorination (elimination ya HCl) ikoresheje urunigi rwonyine rwonyine, biganisha ku bibazo bitatu bikurura:
• Guhagarika inzira:Irekurwa rya HCl ryangiza ibikoresho byicyuma (kalendari, gutwikira bipfa) kandi bigatera guhindagurika kwa materix ya PVC, bikaviramo inenge zicyiciro nkibibyimba byo hejuru cyangwa ubunini butaringaniye.
• Guhindura ibicuruzwa:Urutonde rwa polyene rwakurikiranye mugihe cyo kwangirika rutanga umuhondo cyangwa igikara, kunanirwa kubahiriza ibipimo bihamye byamabara yo murwego rwohejuru.
• Gutakaza umutungo wa mashini:Urunigi rwumunyururu rugabanya umuyoboro wa polymer, rugabanya imbaraga zuruhu rwarangiye kandi rukarwanya amarira kugera kuri 30% mugihe gikomeye.
Ibitutu byubahiriza ibidukikije
?
Umusaruro gakondo wa PVC-AL uhura nogukurikiranwa gukurikiza amategeko yisi yose (urugero, EU REACH, US EPA VOC yo muri Amerika):
• Imyuka ihindagurika y’ibinyabuzima (VOC):Kwangirika kwubushuhe hamwe nubushakashatsi bushingiye kumashanyarazi asohora VOCs (urugero, ibikomoka kuri phthalate) birenze ibyoherezwa mu kirere.
• Ibisigazwa by'ibyuma biremereye:Sisitemu yo gutezimbere umurage (urugero, kurongora, ishingiye kuri kadmium) isiga ibyanduye, kutemerera ibicuruzwa ibyemezo bya eco-label (urugero, OEKO-TEX® 100).
• Iherezo ryubuzima risubirwamo:PVC idahungabana yangirika cyane mugihe cyo gutunganya imashini, kubyara uburozi no kugabanya ubwiza bwibiryo byongeye gukoreshwa.
Kuramba Kutari munsi ya Serivisi
?
Ndetse na nyuma yumusaruro, PVC-AL idahindagurika ihura nubusaza bwihuse:
• Kwangirika kwa UV:Imirasire y'izuba itera ifoto-okiside, kumena iminyururu ya polymer no gutera ubugome-ingenzi kumodoka cyangwa hanze.
• Kwimuka kwa plastike:Hatariho imbaraga za matrixs-stabilisateur matrike, plasitike irekera igihe, biganisha ku gukomera no gucika.
Uruhare rworoheje rwa PVC Stabilisateur: Inzira nagaciro
?
PVC stabilisateur ikemura izi ngingo zibabaza muguhitamo inzira yo kwangirika kurwego rwa molekile, hamwe nuburyo bugezweho bugabanijwe mubyiciro bikora:
St Amashanyarazi
Ibi bikora nka HCl scavengers hamwe nabasoza urunigi:
• Batesha agaciro HCl yarekuwe (binyuze mubisubizo hamwe nisabune yicyuma cyangwa ligande kama) kugirango bahagarike autocatalyse, bongera idirishya ryogutunganya muminota 20-40.
• Ibinyabuzima bifatanyiriza hamwe (urugero, fenolisiyo ikumirwa) umutego wubusa utangwa mugihe cyo kwangirika, kurinda ubunyangamugayo bwa molekile no gukumira ibara.
▼ Umucyo utuje
?
Yinjijwe na sisitemu yubushyuhe, ikurura cyangwa ikwirakwiza ingufu za UV:
Imashini zikoresha UV (urugero, benzophenone) zihindura imirasire ya UV nubushyuhe butagira ingaruka, mugihe inzitizi zitanga urumuri rwa amine (HALS) zibyara ibyangiritse bya polymer byangiritse, bikuba kabiri ubuzima bwibikorwa byo hanze.
Form Ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije
?
Kalisiyumu-zinc (Ca-Zn) ikomatanya ibintubasimbuye ibyuma biremereye, byujuje ibisabwa mugukomeza imikorere. Bagabanya kandi imyuka ihumanya ikirere kuri 15-25% mukugabanya iyangirika ryumuriro mugihe cyo kuyitunganya.
Stabilisateur nkigisubizo cyibanze
?
PVC stabilisateur ntabwo ari inyongeramusaruro gusa - ni izishobora gukora umusaruro mwiza wa PVC-AL. Mu kugabanya iyangirika ry’ubushyuhe, kwemeza kubahiriza amabwiriza, no kongera igihe kirekire, bakemura amakosa ya polymer. Ibyo byavuzwe, ntibishobora gukemura ibibazo byose byinganda: iterambere muri bio-plasitike ya bio no gutunganya imiti iracyakenewe kugirango duhuze byimazeyo PVC-AL nintego zubukungu bwizunguruka. Kuri ubu, icyakora, sisitemu yoguhindura stabilisateur niyo nzira ikuze yubuhanga kandi ihendutse inzira igana ireme ryiza, ryujuje ubuziranenge bwa PVC.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-12-2025