Uburyo bwo kunoza imikorere n'ubwiza bwa PVC Shrink Film Production

Ubushobozi n'ubwiza bwa filime ya PVC shrink film bigena mu buryo butaziguye ubushobozi bw'ikigo mu gukora, ikiguzi, n'ipiganwa ku isoko. Ubushobozi buke butuma ubushobozi bwo gukora bupfushwa ubusa no gutinda gutanga ibicuruzwa, mu gihe inenge mu bwiza (nk'igabanuka ritari rikwiye no gukorera mu mucyo) bitera ibirego n'inyungu ku bakiriya. Kugira ngo hagerwe ku kunoza "imikorere myiza cyane + ubwiza," hakenewe imbaraga mu buryo bukurikiranye mu byiciro bine by'ingenzi: kugenzura ibikoresho fatizo, kunoza ibikoresho, kunoza imikorere, no kugenzura ubwiza. Hasi hari ibisubizo byihariye kandi bishobora gukorwa:

Kugenzura isoko: Hitamo ibikoresho fatizo bikwiye kugira ngo ugabanye ingaruka zo "gusubiramo" nyuma yo gukora

Ibikoresho fatizo ni ishingiro ry'ubwiza n'ingenzi kugira ngo bikore neza. Ibikoresho fatizo bidahuye cyangwa bidahuye bitera guhagarara kenshi mu gukora kugira ngo bikosorwe (urugero: gukuraho inzitizi, gucunga imyanda), kugabanya ubushobozi mu buryo butaziguye. Ibande ku bwoko butatu bw'ingenzi bw'ibikoresho fatizo:

1.PVC Resin: Shyira imbere "Ubuziranenge Buhanitse + Ubwoko bwihariye bwa Porogaramu"

• Guhuza Modeli:Hitamo resin ifite agaciro ka K gakwiye hashingiwe ku bunini bwa firime yo kugabanya. Ku firime nto (0.01–0.03 mm, urugero, ipaki y'ibiribwa), hitamo resin ifite agaciro ka K ka 55–60 (amazi meza yoroshye gusohora). Ku firime nini (0.05 mm+, urugero, ipaki y'amapaleti), hitamo resin ifite agaciro ka K ka 60–65 (imbaraga nyinshi kandi idacika). Ibi birinda ubugari butaringaniye bwa firime buterwa n'amazi make ya resin.

• Kugenzura isuku:Gusaba abatanga serivisi gutanga raporo z’ubuziranenge bwa resin, bakareba ko igipimo cya residual vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) kiri <1 ppm kandi igipimo cy’umwanda (urugero: ivumbi, polymer nkeya) kiri <0.1%. Imyanda ishobora kuziba imashini zisohora amazi no gukora utwenge tw’imashini, bigasaba igihe cyo gukora isuku kandi bigatera ingaruka ku mikorere myiza.

2.Inyongera: Ibanda ku "Gukora neza cyane, guhuza, no kubahiriza amategeko"

• Ibitera imbaraga:Simbuza ibikoresho byo kubungabunga umunyu wa lisansi bya kera (uburozi kandi bishobora guhinduka umuhondo)kalisiyumu-zinki (Ca-Zn)Ibikoresho bihuza ibintu bihuza. Ibi ntibikurikiza gusa amabwiriza nka EU REACH na Gahunda ya 14 y'imyaka itanu y'Ubushinwa ahubwo binatuma ubushyuhe buguma neza. Ku bushyuhe bwo gusohora ibintu bugera kuri 170–200°C, bigabanya kwangirika kwa PVC (birinda umuhondo no kwangirika) kandi bigabanya igipimo cy'imyanda ku kigero kirenga 30%. Ku bwoko bwa Ca-Zn bufite "amavuta yubatswemo," bigabanya kandi uburyaryate bw'ingufu kandi byongera umuvuduko wo gusohora ibintu ku kigero cya 10–15%.

• Imashini zikora pulasitiki:Shyira imbere DOTP (dioctyl terephthalate) kuruta DOP isanzwe (dioctyl phthalate). DOTP ikorana neza na resin ya PVC, igabanya "exudates" ku buso bwa firime (wirinde ko ipfundika no kunoza ubwisanzure) mu gihe yongera uburyo bwo kugabanuka (ihindagurika ry'umuvuduko wo kugabanuka rishobora kugenzurwa muri ± 3%).

• gupfunyika ibintu byo kwisiga • Inyongeramusaruro:Ku mafirime asaba ubuziranenge (urugero: gupfunyika mu bwiza), ongeramo 0.5–1 phr y'icyuma gipima ubuziranenge (urugero: sodium benzoate). Ku mafirime akoreshwa hanze (urugero: gupfunyika mu bwiza), gupfunyika mu bikoresho byo mu busitani), ongeramo 0.3–0.5 phr y'icyuma gifata imirasire ya UV kugira ngo hirindwe ko umuhondo utangira vuba kandi ugabanye ibisigazwa by'umusaruro byarangiye.

3.Ibikoresho by'inyongera: Irinde "Ibihombo Bihishe"

• Koresha imiti igabanya ubushyuhe bwinshi (urugero, xylene) ifite ubushuhe buri munsi ya 0.1%. Ubushuhe butera utubumbe tw'umwuka mu gihe cyo gusohora, bigasaba igihe cyo gukuramo imyuka (gutakaza iminota 10-15 kuri buri kintu).

• Mu gihe cyo gutunganya impande zo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho, menya neza ko umwanda uri mu bikoresho byongerewemo uri <0.5% (ushobora kuyungururwa ukoresheje ecran ya mesh 100) kandi ko igipimo cy'ibikoresho byongerewemo kitarenze 20%. Ibikoresho byongerewemo byinshi bigabanya imbaraga za firime no kubonerana.

Gukoresha ibikoresho neza: Kugabanya "igihe cyo kudakora" no kunoza "uburyo bwo gukora neza"

Ishingiro ry'umusaruro mwiza ni "umuvuduko w'imikorere myiza y'ibikoresho". Gukomeza kubungabunga no kuvugurura imikorere y'ibikoresho birakenewe kugira ngo bigabanye igihe cyo kudakora, mu gihe kunoza imikorere y'ibikoresho bitanga ubuziranenge.

1.Imashini yo gusohora: Kugenzura neza ubushyuhe + Gusukura buri gihe ibyuma kugira ngo hirindwe “gufunga no gucika umuhondo”

• Kugenzura ubushyuhe mu byiciro:Ukurikije imiterere y’ishonga rya PVC resin, gabanya agace k’ubushyuhe gashyirwamo amazi mu duce 3-4: agace k’ibiryo (140–160°C, resin ishyushya mbere), agace k’ubushyuhe (170–180°C, resin ishyushya), agace k’ibipimo (180–200°C, gushimangira ishonga), n’umutwe (175–195°C, wirinde ubushyuhe bwinshi n’iyangirika ry’aho hantu). Koresha sisitemu y’ubwenge yo kugenzura ubushyuhe (urugero: PLC + thermocouple) kugira ngo ubushyuhe bugume buhindagurika muri ±2°C. Ubushyuhe bwinshi butera PVC kuba umuhondo, mu gihe ubushyuhe budahagije butuma resin ishonga idakora neza ndetse n’inenge za "fish-eye" (bisaba igihe cyo kuyikosora).

• Gusukura ibyuma buri gihe:Sukura ibikoresho bya karuboni bisigaye (ibicuruzwa bya PVC byangiritse) ku mutwe w'icyuma buri masaha 8-12 (cyangwa mu gihe cyo guhindura ibikoresho) ukoresheje uburoso bwabugenewe bw'umuringa (kugira ngo wirinde gukubagura umunwa w'icyuma). Ku bice byapfuye, koresha isuku ya ultrasonic (iminota 30 kuri buri ruziga). Ibikoresho bya karuboni bitera utudomo tw'umukara kuri filime, bigasaba gutondeka imyanda n'intoki no kugabanya imikorere.

2.Sisitemu yo Gukonjesha: Gukonjesha kimwe kugira ngo "Filime ibe igororotse + igabanuka"

• Gupima Umuzingo Ukonjesha:Gupima ubushyuhe bw'imizingo itatu yo gukonjesha buri kwezi ukoresheje urwego rwa laser (kwihanganira <0.1 mm). Muri icyo gihe, koresha thermometer ya infrared kugira ngo urebe ubushyuhe bw'umuzingo (igenzurwa kuri 20–25°C, itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe <1°C). Ubushyuhe budahuje bw'imizingo butera igipimo cyo gukonjesha gihindagurika, bigatera itandukaniro ryo gukonjesha (urugero, gukonjesha 50% ku ruhande rumwe na 60% ku rundi) kandi bigasaba gusubiramo ibikoresho byarangiye.

• Gutunganya impeta z'umwuka:Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo gusohora filime (ikoreshwa kuri filime zimwe na zimwe zoroshye), hindura imiterere y'umwuka w'impeta y'umwuka. Koresha icyuma gipima umwuka kugira ngo urebe neza ko itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko w'umuyaga mu cyerekezo cy'aho impeta y'umwuka isohoka riri <0.5 m / s. Umuvuduko w'umuyaga utangana ubangamira firime, bigatera "ubugari" no kongera imyanda.

3.Gutunganya no Gutunganya Impande: Kwikora bigabanya "Gukoresha intoki"

• Imashini ikoresha amashanyarazi yikora:Hindura ukoreshe icyuma gihunika gifite "igenzura ry'umuvuduko ufunze". Hindura umuvuduko wo kuzunguruka mu gihe nyacyo (shyiramo hashingiwe ku bunini bwa firime: 5–8 N ku mafirime yoroheje, 10–15 N ku mafirime yoroheje) kugira ngo wirinde "kuzunguruka gutoroshye" (gusaba gusubira inyuma n'intoki) cyangwa "kuzunguruka gukomeye" (bitera kunanura no guhindura imiterere y'firime). Ubushobozi bwo kuzunguruka bwongerwaho 20%.

• Gukoresha ibisigazwa by'imyanda ako kanya:Shyiramo "uburyo bwo gusya imigozi y'inyongera" iruhande rw'imashini isya imigozi. Shyira ako kanya imigozi y'inyongera (ubugari bwa mm 5-10) ikorwa mu gihe cyo gusya imigozi hanyuma uyisubize ku gikoresho cyo kuyikuramo ukoresheje umuyoboro (uvanze n'ibikoresho bishya ku gipimo cya 1:4). Igipimo cyo kongera gukoresha imigozi y'inyongera kiriyongera kuva kuri 60% kugeza kuri 90%, bigabanya imyanda y'ibikoresho fatizo kandi bikuraho igihombo cy'igihe gituruka ku gukoresha intoki.

Kunoza Imikorere: Kunoza "Igenzura ry'Ibipimo" kugira ngo wirinde "Inenge Zivanze"

Itandukaniro rito mu bipimo by'imikorere rishobora gutuma habaho ihinduka rikomeye ry'ubuziranenge, nubwo haba hari ibikoresho bimwe n'ibikoresho fatizo. Kora "imbonerahamwe y'ibipimo" ku bikorwa bitatu by'ingenzi - gusohora, gukonjesha, no gukata - hanyuma ukurikirane ihinduka mu gihe nyacyo.

1.Uburyo bwo Gusohora: Kugenzura “Umuvuduko Ushongeshejwe + Umuvuduko wo Gusohora”

• Umuvuduko w’ingufu: Koresha icyuma gipima umuvuduko kugira ngo ukurikirane umuvuduko w’ingufu mu gice cy’ingufu (kigenzurwa kuri 15–25 MPa). Umuvuduko ukabije (30 MPa) utera amazi ava mu gikoresho kandi bigasaba igihe cyo kuyabungabunga; umuvuduko uhagije (10 MPa) utuma amazi adasohoka neza kandi ubugari bwa filime butaringaniye.

• Umuvuduko wo gusohora: Itsinda rishingiye ku bugari bwa firime—20–25 m/minota ku firime nto (0.02 mm) na 12–15 m/minota ku firime nini (0.05 mm). Irinde "gukurambura cyane" (kugabanya imbaraga za firime) guterwa n'umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa "imyanda y'ubushobozi" ituruka ku muvuduko muto.

2.Uburyo bwo gukonjesha: Hindura "Igihe cyo gukonjesha + Ubushyuhe bw'umwuka"

• Igihe cyo Gukonjesha: Genzura igihe cyo kuba muri firime ku migozi yo gukonjesha ku isegonda 0.5-1 (bigerwaho binyuze mu guhindura umuvuduko wo gukurura) nyuma yo gusohoka mu cyuma. Igihe gito cyo kuba muri firime (amasegonda 1.5) gitera "ibitonyanga by'amazi" ku buso bwa firime (bigabanya ubuziranenge).

• Ubushyuhe bw'Impeta y'Umwotsi: Ku bijyanye no gushyushya firime, shyira ubushyuhe bw'impeta y'umwuka hagati ya 5–10°C ugereranyije n'ubushyuhe bw'ikirere (urugero, 30–35°C kuri 25°C). Irinde "gukonja gutunguranye" (bitera umuvuduko mwinshi w'imbere no gucikagurika byoroshye mu gihe cyo gucika) bivuye ku mwuka ukonje uhuha mu buryo butaziguye ku ruhu rw'impeta.

3.Uburyo bwo gukata: "Ubugari bw'imashini + Kugenzura umuvuduko" neza

• Ubugari bwo gukata: Koresha sisitemu y'ubuyobozi bw'inkombe ikoresha optique kugira ngo ugenzure uburyo bwo gukata neza, urebe ko ubugari bushobora kwihanganira <± 0.5 mm (urugero, 499.5–500.5 mm ku bugari busabwa n'umukiriya bwa 500 mm). Irinde ko abakiriya bagaruka bitewe n'ubugari buhindagurika.

• Gucikamo ibice: Hindura ukurikije ubugari bwa firime—3–5 N ku bice bito na 8–10 N ku bice bito. Gucikamo ibice bikabije bitera kwaguka no guhinduka kw'ifirime (kugabanya umuvuduko wo kugabanuka); gucikamo ibice bidahagije bituma firime igenda irekura (ishobora kwangirika mu gihe cyo kuyitwara).

Igenzura ry'Ubuziranenge: "Gukurikirana kuri interineti mu gihe nyacyo + Kwemeza ingero za mudasobwa ukoresheje interineti" kugira ngo haveho "Ibitajyanye n'amabwiriza"

Kubona inenge z’ubuziranenge gusa ku rwego rw’umusaruro urangiye bituma habaho ubusa (bigatakaza imikorere myiza n’ikiguzi). Shyiraho "uburyo bwo kugenzura ibintu byose":

1.Igenzura ryo kuri interineti: Gufata "Inenge zihuse" mu gihe nyacyo

• Igenzura ry'ubunini:Shyiramo icyuma gipima ubunini bwa laser nyuma yo gukonjesha kugira ngo upime ubunini bwa filime buri masegonda 0.5. Shyiraho "umurongo ugaragaza ko icyuma gitanga amakuru kinyura mu nzira" (urugero, ± 0.002 mm). Iyo ikigereranyo kirenze, sisitemu ihita ihindura umuvuduko wo gusohora cyangwa icyuho cyo gucika kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibicuruzwa bidakora neza bikomeza gukorwa.

• Igenzura ry'isura:Koresha sisitemu yo kureba imashini kugira ngo urebe ubuso bwa firime, umenye inenge nka "uduheri tw'umukara, utwenge tw'inyuma, n'imitsi" (ubuziranenge bwa mm 0.1). Sisitemu ihita igaragaza ahantu habi n'amatangazo, bigatuma abakora bayikoresha bahagarika gukora vuba (urugero, gusukura icyuma, guhindura impeta y'umwuka) no kugabanya imyanda.

2.Igenzura ryakozwe hanze y'urubuga: Emeza "Imikorere y'ingenzi"

Fata urugero rw'umuzingo umwe urangiye buri masaha 2 hanyuma ugerageze ibimenyetso bitatu by'ingenzi:

• Igipimo cyo kugabanuka:Kata ingero za cm 10 × cm 10, uzishyushye mu itanura rya 150°C mu gihe cy'amasegonda 30, hanyuma upime uko ibintu bigabanuka mu cyerekezo cy'imashini (MD) n'icyerekezo cyo kunyuranamo (TD). Saba ko ibintu bigabanukaho 50–70% muri MD na 40–60% muri TD. Hindura igipimo cya plasticizer cyangwa ubushyuhe bwo gusohora niba kugabanuka birengeje ± 5%.

• Umucyo:Ipime ukoresheje icyuma gipima ubushyuhe, gisaba ubushyuhe buri munsi ya 5% (ku mashusho abonerana). Niba ubushyuhe burenze urugero, reba ubuziranenge bwa resin cyangwa stabilizer dispersion.

• Ingufu zo Gukurura:Ipime ukoresheje imashini ipima imbaraga zo gukurura, isaba imbaraga zo gukurura mu gihe kirekire ≥20 MPa n'imbaraga zo gukurura mu gihe kirekire ≥18 MPa. Niba imbaraga zidahagije, hindura agaciro ka resin K cyangwa wongereho antioxydants.

"Inzira yo guhuza ibikorwa" mu mikorere myiza no mu bwiza

Kunoza imikorere ya filime ya PVC shrink filime bibanda ku "kugabanya igihe cyo gukora no gutakaza ibikoresho," ibyo bikaba bigerwaho binyuze mu guhuza ibikoresho fatizo, kunoza ibikoresho, no kuvugurura imikorere yabyo. Kongera ubuziranenge bushingiye ku "kugenzura ihindagurika no gukumira inenge," bishyigikiwe no kunoza imikorere no kugenzura imikorere yose. Ibyo byombi ntibivuguruzanya: urugero, guhitamo imikorere myiza cyane.Ibitera imbaraga bya Ca-Znbigabanya kwangirika kwa PVC (kunoza ubwiza) kandi byongera umuvuduko wo gusohora (kongera imikorere myiza); sisitemu zo kugenzura kuri interineti zifata inenge (zigenzura ubwiza) kandi zikirinda ibisigazwa by'ibikoresho (kugabanya igihombo mu mikorere).

Ibigo bigomba kuva ku "gutunganya ibintu mu buryo bumwe" bikajya ku "kuvugurura ibintu mu buryo busanzwe," bigahuza ibikoresho fatizo, ibikoresho, imikorere, n'abakozi mu buryo bufunze. Ibi bituma intego nka "ubushobozi bwo gukora buzamukaho 20%, 30% ku gipimo cyo kugabanya imyanda, na <1% ku gipimo cyo kugaruza abakiriya," bigashyiraho amahirwe yo guhangana ku isoko rya filime za PVC.