Uburyo bwo guhitamo Stabilizer ikwiye ku madirishya ya PVC Venetian

Ibintu bishyigikira PVCni ingenzi mu mikorere no kuramba kw'amadirishya ya Venetiya—arinda kwangirika k'ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo gusohora, arwanya kwangirika kw'ibidukikije, kandi akubahiriza amahame y'umutekano ku isi. Guhitamo igikoresho cyiza cyo gushimangira ubuziranenge bisaba guhuza ibisabwa n'ibicuruzwa (urugero: ikoreshwa mu nzu cyangwa hanze, ubwiza) n'ubuhanga bwo gushimangira ubuziranenge, mu gihe bihuza iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko agenga ubuziranenge, ikiguzi, n'imikorere myiza. Hasi hari ubuyobozi bw'ikoranabuhanga buhamye bwo guhitamo neza.

Tangira ukurikije iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko: Amahame y'umutekano adasubirwaho

Mbere yo gusuzuma imikorere, shyira imbere ibintu bihamye byujuje amabwiriza y’akarere n’ay’ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa—kutubahiriza amategeko bishobora gutuma ibicuruzwa byimurirwa ku isoko ndetse n’imbogamizi zo kubigeraho.​

• Amategeko Mpuzamahanga ku byuma biremereye:Ibikoresho bipima ubutare bushingiye kuri lead, cadmium, na mercure bibujijwe cyane ku bicuruzwa bikoreshwa nka venetian blinds. Itegeko rya REACH rya EU (Annex XVII) ribuza lead ku bicuruzwa bya PVC biri hejuru ya 0.1%, mu gihe CPSC yo muri Amerika ibuza lead na cadmium mu bigo by’abana (urugero, amadirishya y’abana). Ndetse no mu masoko ari kuzamuka, GB 28481 y’Ubushinwa n’amahame ya BIS yo mu Buhinde ategeka ko havaho burundu ikoreshwa rya heavy metal formulations.​

• Ibisabwa ku Ireme ry'Umucyo wo mu Gikari (IAQ):Ku bijyanye n'amadirishya yo mu ngo cyangwa ay'ubucuruzi, irinde ibintu bitera imbaraga birimo phthalate cyangwa ibintu bihumanya ikirere (VOCs). Gahunda ya US EPA ya Indoor AirPLUS na EcoLabel ya EU bishyigikira inyongeramusaruro nke za VOC, bigatumakalisiyumu-zinki (Ca-Zn)cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo gukoresha ibiti by’umwimerere kurusha uruvange gakondo rwa Barium-Cadmium-Zinc (Ba-Cd-Zn).

• Imbere y'ibiryo cyangwa hafi y'ibitaro:Niba amadirishya akoreshwa mu gikoni cyangwa mu bigo nderabuzima, hitamo ibikoresho bihamye byujuje ibisabwa na FDA 21 CFR §175.300 (US) cyangwa EU 10/2011 (ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bihura n'ibiryo), nka methyl tin mercaptides cyangwa complexes za Ca-Zn zifite isuku nyinshi.​

Suzuma uburyo bwo gutunganya ibintu buhuye

Imikorere ya sitabilizeri iterwa n’uburyo ihuzwa neza n’uburyo PVC yawe ikora ndetse n’uburyo ibikora.

• Guhuza umurongo wo gusohora:Kugira ngo ukomeze gusohora uduce duto tw’uburinzi, irinde ibintu bitera ubwiyongere bw’ibinure (urugero: Ca-Zn yujuje ubuziranenge ifite aside irike nyinshi). Hitamo ibintu bitera ubwiyongere bw’ibinure byateguwe mbere (aho gukoresha ifu ivanze) kugira ngo umenye neza ko bikwirakwira kimwe, bigabanye ihindagurika ry’ubunini bw’uduce duto.​

• Ihuriro ry'amavuta yo kwisiga:Ibikoresho bitera imbaraga akenshi bikora n'amavuta yo kwisiga (urugero, ishashi ya polyethylene) kugira ngo birusheho gutemba neza.Ibitera imbaraga bya Ca-Znbisaba amavuta yo kwisiga imbere ajyanye n’igihe kugira ngo hirindwe ko “isahani isohoka” (ibisigazwa ku buso bw’ibice), mu gihe ibikoresho bikomeza ibyuma bihuza neza n’amavuta yo kwisiga yo hanze kugira ngo bikure neza.

• Umusaruro w'itsinda ugereranije n'umusaruro uhoraho:Ku madirishya mato kandi afite amabara yihariye, ibikoresho bigabanya ubushyuhe bw'amazi (urugero, Ca-Zn y'amazi) byoroshye guhindura ingano y'ibipimo. Kugira ngo umusaruro ube mwinshi, ibikoresho bigabanya ubushyuhe by'amazi bihamye bitanga ubuziranenge.

Ikiguzi cyo kuringaniza, Kuramba, no Guhagarara k'Uruhererekane rw'Ibicuruzwa

Nubwo imikorere ari ingenzi, ibintu bifatika nk'ikiguzi n'ingaruka ku bidukikije ntibishobora kwirengagizwa.

• Uburyo bwo Kugabanya Ikiguzi:Ibikoresho bitanga ubushobozi bwo gupima ubushyuhe bwa Ca-Zn bitanga ubwiza n'igiciro cyiza ku madirishya menshi yo mu nzu (bihendutse 20-30% ugereranyije n'amabati y'umwimerere). Ba-Zn ihendutse gukoreshwa hanze ariko irinde kuyikoresha mu nzu kubera ibyago byo kwangiza.​

• Kuramba no kongera gukoresha ibikoresho:Hitamo ibintu bitera imbaraga bishyigikira sisitemu za PVC zizengurutse. Ca-Zn ijyanye neza n'ibikoresho byo kongera gukoresha imashini (bitandukanye n'icyuma cya lisansi cyangwa cadmium, byanduza PVC isubijwemo). Ca-Zn ishingiye kuri bio (ikomoka ku biryo bishobora kongera gukoreshwa) ijyanye na Gahunda y'Ubukungu bw'Urugaga rw'Ibihugu by'Uburayi hamwe n'ibyo abaguzi bakeneye ku bicuruzwa bibungabunga ibidukikije.​

• Kwizerwa kw'Uruhererekane rw'Ibicuruzwa:Ibiciro bya zinc na tin birahindagurika—hitamo ibintu byinshi bishobora guhagarara (urugero, Ca-Zn blends) aho gukoresha niche formulations (urugero, butyl tin) kugira ngo wirinde gutinda gukora.

Isuzuma n'Igenzura: Igenzura rya nyuma mbere yo gukora ku gipimo cyuzuye

Mbere yo kwiyemeza gukoresha icyuma gitera imbaraga, kora ibi bizamini kugira ngo urebe neza imikorere:

Ese?

• Ikizamini cyo Guhagarara k'Ubushyuhe:Kuramo ingero z’ibice by’icyitegererezo hanyuma ubishyire kuri 200°C mu gihe cy’iminota 30—reba niba nta ibara ryahindutse cyangwa ryangiritse.​

• Ikizamini cy'iteganyagihe:Koresha itara rya xenon arc kugira ngo wigane amasaha 1.000 y’imirasire ya UV—pima uburyo amabara agumana (ukoresheje spectrophotometer) n’ubuziranenge bw’imiterere.

• Ikizamini cya IAQ:Sesengura imyuka ihumanya ikirere ya VOC kuri buri gipimo cya ASTM D5116 (Amerika) cyangwa ISO 16000 (EU) kugira ngo urebe ko amahame y’imbere mu nzu yubahirizwa.

Ikizamini cya Mekanike: Isuzuma ry’imirongo rigena uko ibintu bihinduka n’uko ibintu bihinduka (kuri ISO 178) rikorwa kugira ngo hemezwe imikorere yo kurwanya guhindagurika kw’imirongo.

Gahunda y'ibyemezo ku bikoresho bikingira impumyi bya PVC Venetian

• Shyira imbere iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko:Banza ureke ibintu bitera imbaraga mu byuma bikomeye cyangwa mu byuma bipima imbaraga nyinshi (high-VOC stabilizers).

• Sobanura Ingero z'Ikoreshwa:Imbere mu nzu (Ca-Zn kuri IAQ) ugereranije n'inyuma (Ca-Zn + HALS cyangwaBa-Znku bijyanye n'ikirere).

• Ibikenewe mu gutunganya ibipimo:Yateguwe mbere kugira ngo ibe nyinshi, amazi akoreshwa mu byiciro byihariye.

• Emeza Imikorere:Gerageza ubushyuhe buhamye, imiterere y’ikirere, n’uburyo bukoreshwa.

• Kunoza Ikiguzi/Uburambe:Ca-Zn ni yo ikoreshwa mu buryo bwa gakondo kuri porogaramu nyinshi; icyuma gikoreshwa gusa mu madirishya meza kandi afite ubwiza buke.

Ukurikije iyi gahunda, uzahitamo igikoresho gitera imbaraga zo gukomeza uburinzi bw'amabara, cyujuje amabwiriza y'isoko, kandi gihuye n'intego zo gukomeza uburinzi bw'amabara—ni ingenzi cyane mu guhangana ku isoko mpuzamahanga rya PVC Venetian blind.